1 #!/usr/bin/python 2 ## A file handling script, including functions that could search file by key 3 ## and rename file by appending key value to the file names. 4  5 import os 6 import shutil 7 import copy 8  9 def get_INV_list(key_file):10     """ read key_file and get key values into list"""11     INV_file = open(key_file, 'r')12     key_list = []13     14     for num in INV_file.readlines():15         key_list.append([num[:-1]])16     17     INV_file.close()18     return key_list19 20 def write_result_list(key_list,out_file):21     """write updated key_list with reference into a file"""22     result = open(out_file,'w')23 24     for key in key_list:25         result.write('########'.join(key)+'\n')26     27     result.close()28 29 def search(key_list,search_dir):30     """search key value in all files in search directory,31        return a list with key reflect file name"""32     33     ##my original workaround34     #result_list = []35     #for item in key_list:36     #    result_list.append(item[:])37     ##A simpler code38     #result_list = [item[:] for item in key_list]39     ## or 40     #result_list = [list(item) for item in key_list]41     #best solution is copy.deepcopy()42     result_list = copy.deepcopy(key_list)43     44     for file in os.listdir(search_dir):45         search_file = open(search_dir+'/'+file,'r')46         search_str = search_file.read()47         search_file.close()48         for key in result_list:49             if key[0] == search_str[86:92]:    ##only check INV#50             #if key[0] in search_str:51                 key.append(file)52     53     return result_list54 55 def rename(result_list,input_dir,output_dir):56     """ rename files in input directory and move to output directory,57         return a list of file names those not moved."""58     for item in result_list:59         if len(item) > 1:60             for filename in item[1:]:61                 # move files to another folder and rename them62                 # name format could be modified if necessary63                 shutil.move(input_dir+'/'+filename,64                         output_dir+'/'+filename+'.NZ'+item[0])65 66     return os.listdir(input_dir)67 68 xlist = get_INV_list('INV_Num')69 ylist = search(xlist,'InputFiles')70 rest_list = rename(ylist,'InputFiles','OutputFiles')71 write_result_list(ylist,'resultList')

总结:

1. 之前已经写过一个简单脚本，对文件做关键字搜索以提取文件名，一周之后类似的需求只是需要修改对应文件名，不懂得代码重用，结果又折腾了两个小时才算是写好，今天有空将两段代码模块化，重构整个代码。

2. 学习到shutil, copy 模块，尤其是copy.deepcopy, 这个写法是从Stack Overflow 上提问才得到的，这是第一次提问，感觉国外的programmer回复很快，也很专业，以后要多去溜达学习。

3. 拼凑出来的代码，可以解决实际工作中的问题，这很重要，时不时的review这段代码，肯定还有许多可以改进之处。